【do和does的区别和用法】在英语学习中,"do" 和 "does" 是两个非常常见的助动词,主要用于构成一般现在时的疑问句和否定句。虽然它们都表示“做”的意思,但在使用上有着明显的区别。以下是关于“do”和“does”的详细对比和用法总结。
一、基本区别
| 项目 | do | does |
| 用法 | 用于第一人称(I, we)和第二人称(you)及复数主语 | 用于第三人称单数(he, she, it) |
| 助动词 | 用于构成疑问句和否定句 | 同样用于构成疑问句和否定句 |
| 时态 | 一般现在时 | 一般现在时 |
| 原形 | do | does |
二、具体用法说明
1. 构成一般现在时的疑问句
- do 的用法:
- I do my homework every day.
- Do you like apples?
- We do our work together.
- does 的用法:
- He does his homework every day.
- Does she like apples?
- It does not rain often.
> 注意:当主语是第三人称单数时,动词要用 does,并且后面的动词要恢复原形(即不加 -s 或 -es)。
2. 构成否定句
- do 的否定形式:
- I do not (don’t) like coffee.
- We do not (don’t) go to school on Sundays.
- does 的否定形式:
- He does not (doesn’t) like coffee.
- She does not (doesn’t) go to school on Sundays.
> 否定结构中,do/does 后面接 not,构成 don’t/doesn’t。
3. 回答疑问句
- Do you like sports?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
- Does he play football?
Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
三、常见错误与注意事项
1. 主谓一致错误:
错误:He do his homework.
正确:He does his homework.
2. 动词形式错误:
错误:Do you likes coffee?
正确:Do you like coffee?
3. 混淆 do 和 does 的使用对象:
错误:Does they go to the park?
正确:Do they go to the park?
四、总结
| 项目 | do | does |
| 主语 | I, we, you, they | he, she, it |
| 用于疑问句 | ✔️ | ✔️ |
| 用于否定句 | ✔️ | ✔️ |
| 动词形式 | 原形 | 原形 |
| 是否需要加 -s | ❌ | ❌ |
通过掌握 do 和 does 的使用规则,可以更准确地构建英语句子,避免常见的语法错误。建议多做练习,结合实际语境进行理解和运用。


